The author of this book, Walter Holbrook Gaskell, was a distinguished physiologist who made significant contributions to our understanding of the nervous system and circulation. However, his most controversial and enduring work was 'The Origin of the Vertebrates'. In this seminal book, Gaskell proposed a radical theory linking the evolution of vertebrates with eurypterid arthropods, a hypothesis that has since been rejected by the scientific community. Despite its ultimate dismissal, Gaskell's work represents an important contribution to the history of evolutionary biology, as it challenged prevailing views and stimulated further research.